Australia has issued a strong warning about China’s rapid military build-up, calling it the largest in the world today. Defence Minister Richard Marles said that operations to protect vital sea trade routes are becoming increasingly dangerous as China expands its military presence across the Indo-Pacific region.
Australia relies heavily on open sea lanes such as the South China Sea and East China Sea, which are essential for its trade and economic stability. These waters are now facing growing strategic pressure due to China’s military activities, raising concerns about the safety and freedom of navigation.
The warning follows a recent incident in which a Chinese fighter jet dropped flares near an Australian patrol aircraft, an act Canberra described as “unsafe and unprofessional.” The encounter highlighted the increasing risks for countries operating in international waters claimed by China.
Marles emphasized that Australia’s national interests depend on maintaining open and secure sea routes. He said these waters must remain free for all nations, not dominated by any single power. His comments reflect rising anxiety over regional security and the potential impact of China’s growing assertiveness.
Australia’s Strengthened Defence Approach
In response to the shifting security environment, Australia is moving quickly to strengthen its military capabilities. Under the AUKUS partnership with the United States and the United Kingdom, the country is preparing to build nuclear-powered submarines that can travel long distances and operate quietly for extended periods.
Australia is also planning a major expansion of its navy, described as a move toward a “more capable, lethal, long-range force.” This includes new frigates from Japan, submarine drones being developed with the U.S. defence company Anduril, and a significant upgrade of naval shipyards and facilities.
According to Marles, these measures are not about provoking confrontation but about ensuring deterrence and preparedness. He said Australia must be able to protect its trade, uphold maritime sovereignty, and contribute to the stability of the Indo-Pacific region.
The government’s defence strategy reflects a decisive shift toward self-reliance and stronger alliances. With AUKUS, Australia is deepening its cooperation with trusted partners to access advanced defence technologies and share intelligence. The partnership aims to maintain balance and deter aggression in an increasingly contested maritime environment.
Regional and Global Reactions
Australia’s warning has drawn attention from regional powers and allies. The United States, United Kingdom, and Japan have expressed strong support for Australia’s strategy to modernize its defences under AUKUS. They share similar concerns about China’s military rise and its potential to reshape the regional balance of power.
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At the same time, Southeast Asian nations remain cautious. Many depend on China for trade but share concerns about its growing influence and assertive actions in nearby waters. They find themselves caught between maintaining economic cooperation with Beijing and ensuring regional stability.
The debate around the issue was evident during the Indo-Pacific naval conference in Sydney, where some protesters criticized increasing militarization and raised objections to the participation of certain countries. Civil society groups expressed concerns that expanding military cooperation could heighten tensions instead of promoting peace.
Despite these voices, Marles reaffirmed that safeguarding trade routes and protecting maritime sovereignty are central to Australia’s national interest. He said that while deterrence is vital, diplomatic engagement will also remain a key part of Australia’s approach to maintaining peace in the region.
China has defended its military expansion, claiming it is for self-defence and regional stability. However, many nations view its growing presence as destabilizing and a cause of strategic concern. As competition intensifies in the Indo-Pacific, the need for open communication and careful management of tensions has never been more important.
