Taiwan is investigating a possible connection between a Chinese-linked cargo vessel and recent damage to one of its critical undersea internet cables. The incident highlights the vulnerability of Taiwan’s communication infrastructure amid escalating tensions with China.
Undersea Cable Damaged
Taiwan’s main telecom provider, Chunghwa Telecom, reported damage to the Trans-Pacific Express Cable on January 3. This fiber-optic cable connects Taiwan to major nations, including the United States, South Korea, Japan, and China. It is one of over a dozen cables ensuring Taiwan’s online connectivity. Though communication traffic was quickly rerouted to prevent major disruptions, the event raised concerns about the security of Taiwan’s undersea communication network.
Suspicious Vessel Intercepted
Hours after the damage was detected, Taiwan’s Coast Guard intercepted a cargo vessel near Keelung. The ship was owned by a Hong Kong-based company and crewed by Chinese nationals. It had been broadcasting its location under different names, raising suspicions.
Investigators discovered the ship used two sets of Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) to transmit positions, possibly to conceal its true identity. This tactic aligns with patterns of “grey-zone” harassment—strategic intimidation that stops short of outright conflict.
The Role of Undersea Cables
Undersea internet cables are vital for global communication, carrying nearly all international data. However, they are vulnerable to damage from natural events and human activities like anchoring or fishing.
In Taiwan’s case, these cables are especially critical as the island faces near-daily incursions from China’s navy and air force. Damage to these cables could weaken Taiwan’s defences by disrupting its communications in a crisis.
Growing Pattern of Intimidation
Analysts suggest that incidents like these fit a pattern of psychological warfare by China. The tactic involves constant, low-level harassment to desensitize Taiwan and reduce its preparedness for larger conflicts.
China has already escalated its activities around Taiwan, including large-scale naval patrols and militarized fishing boats near Taiwan’s outer islands. The damaged cable incident adds to this list of provocative actions.
Previous Incidents
Taiwan has experienced frequent cable damage over the years. Between 2017 and 2023, its undersea internet cables suffered 30 breaks, causing significant disruptions, especially on the Matsu Islands near China. These incidents underline the urgency for Taiwan to strengthen its communication infrastructure to withstand potential crises.
Backup Plans for Internet Connectivity
To ensure reliable communication during emergencies, Taiwan is exploring backup solutions. One major initiative involves developing a network of low-Earth orbit satellites for internet connectivity.
This system aims to keep Taiwan online if cables are damaged again. Officials are moving forward cautiously, avoiding collaboration with Elon Musk’s SpaceX due to Musk’s business ties with China.
International Cooperation Sought
The intercepted cargo ship’s crew claimed their destination was South Korea. Taiwan has sought South Korea’s assistance in the investigation, as the vessel may provide vital clues about the cable damage. The Coast Guard faced difficulties boarding the ship due to rough seas, delaying further examination.
The Global Context
Similar incidents in Europe have raised alarms about the security of undersea cables worldwide. In late 2023, two Baltic Sea cables were severed, prompting investigations into possible sabotage by a Chinese-linked ship. These events emphasise the need for nations to safeguard their communication infrastructure amid increasing geopolitical tensions.
Taiwan’s investigation into the damaged undersea cable reflects broader concerns about its vulnerability to external threats. As tensions with China continue to escalate, ensuring the resilience of critical infrastructure is more important than ever.
Through international cooperation and innovative technologies, Taiwan aims to bolster its defences and maintain secure communication channels. And even in the face of growing challenges.